https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs daily 1.0 2026-04-02 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/takarkori-fstatistics-africanamerican monthly 0.5 2025-09-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/376a70bb-6d17-4286-8cc3-1c4e61ce10f2/f3%28Chimp%2C+USA_MD_C_AA%2C+X%29.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Bar graph of f3(Chimp; USA_MD_Catoctin_AfricanAmerican.AG, X), based on calculations computed by AdmixTools 2 using Version 62 of the AADR (and appended populations). Click here to see the input & output data in AdmixTools 2 that was used to produce this bar graph. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/8f0cd8c9-e2a2-442b-881d-f3cb2a34c281/AA+Models+%5BComposite%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Ancestry models of African Americans who partly comprise USA_MD_Catoctin_AfricanAmerican.AG, and that of the individual who comprises USA_MD_Cactoctin_EuropeanMix.AG. Note that the African American individuals are modelled overwhelmingly as Niger-Congo. These models were generated via Vahaduo Admixture calculator. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/c17fcd71-fdbf-4582-91bb-4cb0413c7747/Ancient+Samples%27+Models+%5BAggregated+Sources%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Ancestry models of the ancient populations with which USA_MD_Catoctin_AfricanAmerican.AG shares the most genetic drift in the previously shown bar graph. Note that they all carry mixtures of Aboriginal African and Eurasian ancestries, as does USA_MD_Catoctin_AfricanAmerican.AG. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/003676b3-3049-4932-8761-581e673036c5/Bar+Graph+-+fst%28USA_MD_C_AA%2C+X%29.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Bar graph of FST(USA_MD_Catoctin_AfricanAmerican.AG, X), based on calculations computed by AdmixTools 2 using Version 62 of the AADR [Allen Ancient DNA Resource] (and appended populations). Click here to see the input & output data in AdmixTools 2 that was used to produce this bar graph. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/762f522d-d0c0-418f-97e3-8b10aceb13d8/Salem+et+al+-+2025+%28Extended+Data+Fig.+3%29.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Extended Data Figure 3 of Salem et al (2025), which is a representation of f3(Chimp; X1, X2). The darker that a square is, the higher that the corresponding f3 value is. As can be seen, the squares that correspond to f3(Chimp; Takarkori group, [Morocco Taforalt | Morocco EN | Morocco OUB EpiPaleo]) are darker than any other value of f3(Chimp; Takarkori group, X2), which indicates that the Takarkori pastoralists share the most drift with Morocco Taforalt, Morocco EN, and Morocco OUB EpiPaleo - all three of which are Iberomaurusian. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/413e15f6-29e6-4322-9c81-8d35e823119d/f3%28Chim Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Bar graph of f3(Chimp; X, Morocco_Iberomaurusian.AG). Note that the f3 value for X = Takarkori.SG is not significantly greater than the values for X = Sub-Saharan African population; this indicates that the Takarkori pastoralists do not share significantly more drift with Iberomaurusians than Sub-Saharan Africans do. This is consistent with a minor degree of genetic drift that’s uniquely Iberomaurusian causing the Takarkori to share the most genetic drift with Iberomaurusians, which indicates that the Takarkori pastoralists carry Iberomaurusian admixture. Click here to see the input & output data in AdmixTools 2 that was used to produce this bar graph. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/1e0f1e5a-7765-4eaa-b1a8-16ecb85e7c49/f3%28Chim Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out f3(Chimp; X, Morocco_Iberomaurusian.AG) in tabulated form. Notice that the values that correspond to X = Sub-Saharan African population are not significantly lower than those that correspond to X = Takarkori.SG. For example, f3 = 0.17 when X = Yoruba.DG, which is ~88.5% of the value for X =Takarkori.SG (0.192). This indicates that ~88.5% of the genetic drift that’s shared by Takarkori.SG and Morocco_Iberomaurusian.AG is also shared by Yoruba.DG. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/ee1c7914-97ae-43b7-8b37-d33ed09bbbc8/Bar+Graph+-+fst%28Takarkori.SG%2C+X%29.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Bar graph of FST(Takarkori.SG, X), based on calculations computed by AdmixTools 2 using Version 62 of the AADR [Allen Ancient DNA Resource] (and appended populations). Click here to see the input & output data in AdmixTools 2 that was used to produce this bar graph. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/dc93c9af-494d-4147-b424-71fb8237929f/Takarkori+Models+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Ancestry models of TKH001. Note that she’s modelled as ~36% to ~37% Iberomaurusian, which partly explains why she shares the most genetic drift with Iberomaurusians. Unique genetic drift of Iberomaurusians combines with the rest of TKH001’s genetic drift (the overwhelming majority of which she also shares with Iberomaurusians - as well as Sub-Saharan Africans and all other modern human populations); this causes her to share the most genetic drift with Iberomaurusians rather than Sub-Saharan Africans - even though she’s predominantly Sub-Saharan African. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/8acdd157-9d81-4032-b0f5-4d91c62fd6de/Takarkori+%5BMada-1+%26+IBM%5D+%5B6%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out A model of the Takarkori pastoralists produced by qpAdm; it uses a Mada individual to model 64.7% of their ancestry, and it uses the Iberomaurusians of Taforalt - Morocco to model 35.3% of their ancestry. The model’s p-value (probability value) is 0.245, which is notably higher than the minimum p-value (0.05) that’s considered to correspond to a plausible model. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/ca43eac7-26cf-4bc2-9de5-f3ea60e8db39/Sudanic+Cline+%5BAlt%5D+%5B1%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Ancestry models that include the Mada and other peoples of the Sahel (e.g. Nilotic peoples and other Nilo-Saharan peoples). Note that these models use Mota as the proxy for East African ancestry, since he lacks Niger-Congo ancestry (unlike Nilotes and other Nilo-Saharans); this makes him ideal for pulling out pure East African ancestry in the targets and not masking any of their Niger-Congo ancestry. Also note that the Gambian sample JOLAer147 is used as the proxy for Niger-Congo ancestry because it seems to be the purest Niger-Congo sample available, as can be seen here and here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/69b204b0-9d0f-4e22-a783-4bfa395194ee/Mada+Models+%5BMulti%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Vahaduo models the Mada as predominantly Sudanic African (56.2% Niger-Congo + 37.1% Nilotic = 93.3% Sudanic African); and it models them as minorly Iberomaurusian (4%) and Eurasian (2.6%). Note that the Eurasian components (i.e. Iran_N & Zlaty.Kun) likely represent undifferentiated Pre-OOA ancestry that’s shared by Aboriginal Africans and Eurasians, given how small they are. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/577ad18f-190d-4ffa-86d5-b58791da3772/Salem+et+al+%282025%29+%28Extended+Data+Fig.+2%29.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out Extended Data Figure 2 of Salem et al (2025), which is a PCA (Principle Component Analysis) chart. Note that it positions the Takarkori pastoralists closest to the Bulala and the Kikuyu; the Bulala are a Nilo-Saharan people and the Kikuyu are a Bantu people (Bantus are a subset of Niger-Congo peoples). Conversely, it positions the Takarkori pastoralists far away from North Africans, Near Easterners, and Europeans. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/3cfc3ee8-97c8-4050-8eec-3d3e6aa38dd4/TKH+in+Situ+%5BComposite%5D.png Blogs - Revealing the Truth About the Takarkori Pastoralists via F-statistics & African Americans - Make it stand out A composite image that includes TKH001’s skull (left) and other fossilized Takarkori pastoralists (right). As can be seen, they exhibit broad nasal apertures, flat nasal bridges, and large teeth - all of which are Sub-Saharan African traits. https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/the-origin-of-the-iberomaurusians monthly 0.5 2025-09-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/56e7e1c6-82b9-4366-99e3-35e9149e0f33/Jebel+Irhoud+1+Composite+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians Jebel Irhoud 1 and the Jebel Irhoud Reconstructed Composite https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/bae9007b-17e2-41d9-9fd3-3117b5cbde3c/Jebel+Irhoud+vs+Heidelbergensis+%26+Sapiens+%5BSigned%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/dc9847ed-fb5b-43c9-b28a-dc6749f192df/Composite.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Fossils of each species in the evolutionary lineage that produced Homo sapiens, starting with Homo erectus and ending with AMHs (anatomically modern humans), who are the only remaining subspecies of Homo sapiens and the only remaining member of the genus Homo. Note that all of these fossils - except for Jebel Irhoud 1 - were discovered in East Africa. This indicates that East Africa is where the lineage that produced Homo sapiens evolved and that the Jebel Irhoud humans were migrants from East Africa. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/68f3cd41-6114-4d38-a62d-cc12dbbde6f3/Aterian+%5BReconstruction%5D+%5B2%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - A Reconstruction of the Aterian fossil Dar-Es Sultane II H5 by Ancestral Whispers [Link] A Reconstruction of the Aterian fossil Dar-Es Sultane II H5 by Ancestral Whispers [Link] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/6fd644a3-80d0-4075-8fe9-28eb972986a1/Aterian+Stone+Tool+Sites+%5BCropped%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Map Highlighting Archeological Sites of the Aterian Stone Tool Culture [Link] Map Highlighting Archeological Sites of the Aterian Stone Tool Culture [Link] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/c9b655f9-6093-490b-aea9-c3abd55fc209/Aterian+Skull+%26+Jebel+Irhoud-1+%5BCropped%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Photo of Dar-Es Sultane II H5 (left) and Jebel Irhoud 1 (right) The following is a quote from “The origin and Evolution of Homo sapiens” (2016) [Link] about the Aterian human fossil Dar-Es Sultane II H5. Note that the quote likens it to both one of the Jebel-Irhoud human fossils and fossils of AMHs that were discovered in Qafzeh - Israel, which supports the idea that the Aterians were both different from AMHs but also similar - as a fellow subspecies would be. “Deciding on how to classify Dar-Es Sultane II H5 is difficult. It has a rather modern looking face and frontal bone shape, but both are very large in size, as is the supraorbital development. Although previous assessments have suggested that it could represent an Aterian intermediate between the Middle Stone Age associated Irhoud specimens and those of the Iberomaurusian, (i.e. the local late Upper Paleolithic) morphometric analyses place it closer to Jebel Irhoud 1 and the Qafzeh crania than to the late Pleistocene fossils.” Due to the likelihood that the Aterians descended from the Jebel-Irhoud humans, who were very likely basal Homo sapiens, and due to being both similar and different relative to AMHs, a conclusion that is being drawn herein is that the Aterians were indeed a separate subspecies of Homo sapiens. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/1b7e5f81-bb70-4d06-9c98-810e9d7955c3/Skhul+V+%26+Qafzeh+9+%5B2%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Skhul V and Qafzeh 9 and reconstructions of them by Kennis & Kennis [Link] In addition to being a fellow subspecies of Homo sapiens, another reason that Dar-Es Sultane II H5 bears morphometric proximity to the AMH (anatomically modern human) Qafzeh crania could be interbreeding. It is not unusual for breeding to occur between different subspecies - or even different species of the same genus - when they occasionally encounter one another. Therefore, DNA of AMHs could have introgressed into the lineage that was comprised of the Jebel-Irhoud Humans and the Aterians. This possibility is supported by the age of the Qafzeh fossils and the location at which they were discovered: Qafzeh - Israel, as well as the age of another set of AMH fossils and the fact that they were also discovered in Israel: the Skhul fossils [Link]. Both sets of fossils have collectively been estimated to be 80,000 to 120,000 years old, which makes them younger than the fossils of AMHs that were discovered in East Africa: those of Omo Valley - Ethiopia, which have been estimated to be 233,000 years old and are therefore the oldest. The ages and the locations at which these fossils were discovered imply that AMHs were migrating from East Africa - where they evolved - into Israel, which means that they would have traveled through North Africa (through Egypt) in order to enter Israel. Therefore, it is likely that some of these individuals remained in North Africa and hybridized with members of the lineage that was comprised of the Jebel-Irhoud Humans and the Aterians. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/092b8543-868f-43b9-98df-dee1a482832c/Iberomaurusian+%5B1%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - A Reconstruction of an Iberomaurusian man by Ancestral Whispers [Link] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/31c5abfd-628a-4711-9505-a90efede9709/Hominin+Mandibles+%5B2%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 7 from “The relevance of late MSA mandibles on the emergence of modern morphology in Northern Africa” (2022) [Link], which depicts virtual reconstructions of human mandibles. The mandible that is depicted at the bottom and that is colored turquoise is Taforalt XVIII, which is an Iberomaurusian specimen; superimposed onto it is the mandible of El Harhoura, which is an Aterian specimen. Aterians had mandibles with wider rami (the rear, vertical components) and taller main bodies relative to those of AMHs, and these traits are shared by the Iberomaurusian specimen. This is consistent with the possibility that the Iberomaurusians descended from the Aterians. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/53b74fd5-4443-4cc9-bce9-8b9630122b0b/Natufian.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - A Reconstruction of a Natufian man by Ancestral Whispers [Link]. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/8b77ddce-88de-4d7b-b743-61e03f102203/Composite+of+Figures.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 5 and Figure S3.17 of the peer-reviewed scientific article “Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history” (2020) [Link] are admixture graphs that model the Taforalt specimens, other human fossils, and several modern populations. Note that the latter figure is included in the supplementary materials and not the main article [Link]. The relationships depicted in these admixture graphs are based on DNA analyses of human fossils, such the Taforalt specimens and the Ethiopian fossil Mota [Link], as well as several modern populations. They both depict the Taforalt specimens (labeled “Taforalt”) as deriving ancestry from the same source as Mota, the Agaw of Ethiopia, West Africans (namely the Mende, the Yoruba, and the Lemande), and Bantus. This is noteworthy, because the Taforalt specimens*, Mota and the aforementioned modern populations are fully or predominantly sub-Saharan African - and they all possess paternal haplogroups that descend from E-M96. These details strongly indicate that the source of ancestry that is shared by them was also sub-Saharan African - and it carried a paternal haplogroup that descended from E-M96 and that was ancestral to their paternal haplogroups. *Recall the SSA component of the re-expressed admixture model of the Taforalt specimens: 54.96% SSA + 45.04% Natufian The value of 54.96% means that the Taforalt specimens are predominantly sub-Saharan African. Note that the source of ancestry that is shared by The Taforalt specimens, Mota, the Agaw, West Africans and Bantus will be referred to as The Shared Source from hereon until it is identified. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/06c3ca32-2b4d-429c-9af8-63bcc62e98af/Map+of+African+Migrations+%281%29.jpg Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 4 of the peer-reviewed scientific article, “Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history” (2020) [Link]. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/5f9c0a2e-ae8f-4958-af42-ec126d645dd1/Composite+of+Figures+%5BLabeled%5D+%5BAHA+%26+ANA%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 5 and Figure S3.17 of the peer-reviewed scientific article “Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history” (2020) [Link] - but with added labels that reflect the conclusions that are drawn below. The origin of The Shared Source’s paternal haplogroup, E-P2 (E1b1), and the origin of the Iberomaurusians’ original paternal haplogroup, E-M35, were geographically linked, as indicated in the peer-reviewed scientific article “Origin, Diffusion, and Differentiation of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups E and J: Inferences on the Neolithization of Europe and Later Migratory Events in the Mediterranean Area” (2004) [Link]: “Both phylogeography and microsatellite variance suggest that E-P2 and its derivative, E-M35, probably originated in eastern Africa. This inference is further supported by the presence of additional Hg E lineal diversification and by the highest frequency of E-P2* and E-M35* in the same region. The distribution of E-P2* appears limited to eastern African peoples. The E-M35* lineage shows its highest frequency (19.2%) in the Ethiopian Oromo but with a wider distribution range than E-P2*.” Based on this quote, both the paternal haplogroups of The Shared Source and The Direct Source - which were E-P2 (E1b1) and E-M35 - originated in East Africa; to be specific, they originated in Ethiopia, which is in the Horn of Africa. Therefore, conclusions that are being drawn herein are the following: The Shared Source inhabited the Horn of Africa. Both paternal haplogroups E-P2 (E1b1) and E-M35 were carried by The Shared Source. A subset of The Shared Source - whose males carried E-M35 - split off and migrated to North Africa. This must have happened, in order for carriers of E-M35 to intermix with the Aterian natives of North Africa and the Eurasian migrants therein - and thereby create the Iberomaurusians, who were also native to North Africa. It cannot be determined whether Eurasian migrants intermixed with the Aterian natives of North Africa before E-M35 carriers arrived therein - or whether E-M35 carriers intermixed with the Aterian natives of North Africa before Eurasian migrants arrived therein. However, The Direct Source was the first combination of these populations that included E-M35 carriers. Assuming that Paternal Haplogroups E-V38 (E1b1a) and E-M215 (E1b1b) also formed in the Horn of Africa, they would have also been carried by The Shared Source. Therefore, The Shared Source will be referred to as AHAs (Ancestral Horn Africans) and The Direct Source will be referred to as ANAs (Ancestral North Africans) - the latter of which was coined by Iosif Lazaridis [Link] in a scientific article that's mentioned later herein. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/0b765f61-8364-4bd1-9df4-1c249119eeeb/Nazlet+Khater+%5BComposite%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - These are photos of Nazlet Khater 2 [Link], which is the fossilized skeleton of a man who lived in Egypt 35,000 years ago. Given the location and age of this individual, he was likely an Ancestral North African. He was discovered in Egypt, which is in North Africa. He has been estimated to have lived 33,000 years ago, which was 1,700 years after the formation of the Iberomaurusians’ first paternal haplogroup: E-M35 [Link]. Therefore, his paternal haplogroup may have been E-M35. His mandible has very wide rami and a tall main body, which are characteristics of Aterians and Iberomaurusians, as explained earlier herein; however, his morphology is otherwise anatomically modern. Therefore, he was likely an Aterian-AMH hybrid. Given that it has been concluded herein that the Iberomaurusians were Aterian-AMH hybrids, it is logical that an Ancestral North African would have been such a hybrid as well - because the Ancestral North Africans were ancestral to the Iberomaurusians. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/f3411bd3-c1f0-4557-9419-d120918f2235/Human+Ancestry+Tree+%5B9-27-2023%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - A human ancestry graph that provides a graphic representation of conclusions that have been drawn herein and of the aforementioned admixture graphs, Figure 5 and Figure S3.17. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/f6f984bf-2340-4b91-8161-fec07e069541/Ancient+North+African+Admixture+Graph.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 2. from “Paleolithic DNA from the Caucasus reveals core of West Eurasian ancestry” (2018) [Link] is an admixture graph that models Paleolithic West Eurasians. As can be seen, it includes Ancestral North Africans as one of the populations from which the Taforalt specimens derive ancestry. As does the aforementioned Figure S3.17 [Link], this admixture graph models the Taforalt specimens, Mota, and West Africans (and Bantus) - the last of whom are represented by the Yoruba - as deriving ancestry from a source that they share with one another. However, it models the Taforalt specimens and West Africans (and Bantus) as deriving only 45% and 13% of their ancestries, respectively, from this source - whereas the aforementioned Figure S3.17 models them as deriving 54% and 69% of their ancestries, respectively, from it. Additionally, it models West Africans (and Bantus) as deriving their ancestry from this source via the lineage of the Taforalt specimens, rather than independently. Given that the ancestors of West Africans and Bantus did inhabit the Sahara when it was comprised of grasslands, forests, and lakes 8000 years ago and prior [Link], it is likely that they did intermix with Taforalt-related populations (e.g. the Kiffians [Link] and Tenerians [Link]), because such populations also inhabited the Sahara at that time. However, this possibility does not contradict the aforementioned admixture graphs, Figure 5 and Figure S3.17. West Africans and Bantus’ macro paternal haplogroup E-M2 is proof that they also independently descend from a source that contributed ancestry to the Taforalt specimens, for the following reasons: E-M2 and the Taforalt specimens’ E-M78 both descend from a common ancestral haplogroup (E-P2 / E1b1), and the lineages of E-M2 and E-M78 split from one another approximately 41,400 years ago, when their ancestors - E1b1a and E1b1b, respectively - formed, according to YFull’s YTree. That’s 16,400 years before the Taforalt specimens’ Iberomaurusian culture appeared approximately 25,000 YBP, which means that the lineage that stems from this source and that produced West Africans and Bantus’ split from the lineage that produced the Iberomaurusians long before the Iberomaurusians even existed as a distinct people. E-P2 (E1b1) -> E-V38 (E1b1a) ->E-M2 [Link] E-P2 (E1b1) -> E-M215 (E1b1b) -> E-M35 -> E-L539 -> E-M78 (E1b1b1a1) [Link] Additionally, that West Africans and Bantus derive ancestry from this source via the lineage of the Taforalt specimens supports the hypothesis that West Africans and Bantus derive ancestry from the Aterians [Link], since it has been concluded herein that the Iberomaurusians descend from the Aterians. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/437938cf-8955-4123-9411-935e5cd6037a/Figure+2.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 2 of the peer-reviewed scientific article, “Pleistocene North African Genomes Link Near Eastern And Sub-Saharan African Human Populations” (2018) [Link]. In accord with the first two admixture graphs that have been shown herein [Link], this principle component chart shows that the Taforalt specimens are positioned intermediately relative to West Africans and Eurasians. This is consistent with a quote from the article that features this chart. “West Africans, such as Mende and Yoruba, most strongly pull out the sub-Saharan African ancestry in Taforalt.” However, despite the Taforalt specimens and West Africans being modelled in the second admixture graph [Link] as inheriting 54% and 69% of their ancestries from the same source (AHA), respectively - the Taforalt specimens cluster closer to Eurasians than they do to West Africans. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/f83d2220-aae4-44bd-8daf-f9d5ceaa5232/Figure+1.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure 1 of the peer-reviewed scientific article “Mitochondrial genetic profile of the Yoruba population from Nigeria” (2019) [Link]. The figure shows that subclades of Maternal Haplogroup L3 - which spawned the maternal haplogroups of Eurasians - are quite abundant among the Yoruba of Nigeria, who are West Africans. This is noteworthy, because the paternal haplogroups of the Yoruba are downstream relative to E-M96 - which means that both the maternal and paternal haplogroups of the Yoruba indicate that they descend from the proto-Out-of-Africa population (but their ancestors split from it and remained in Africa); therefore, the Yoruba would be among the sub-Saharan Africans who are the most closely related to Eurasians (minus admixture that other sub-Saharan Africans may have from the latter, which would inflate their relatedness). Other such sub-Saharan Africans include Mota and the aforementioned populations with whom the Taforalt specimens share ancestry: the Agaw, [other] West Africans and Bantus - as well as the Oromo. Mota’s maternal haplogroup is L3x2a2b* [Link] (Mota’s ID is I5950) West Africans, such as the Yoruba, possess various subclades of L3 as can be seen in the figure above. Bantus possess subclades of L3, including but not limited to L3e1 and L3e4. Quote from “Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis of African mitochondrial DNA variation” (2004) [Link]: “Further evidence for the influence of the Bantu movements on the genetic landscape of Africa is widely reported; the broad distributions of the haplogroups L3e1 and L3e4, for example, are reported to be the due to the Bantu dispersals (Bandelt et al 2001).” The Oromo posses subclades of L3, such as L3x. Quote from the peer-reviewed scientific article “Ethiopian Mitochondrial DNA Heritage: Tracking Gene Flow Across and Around the Gate of Tears” (2004) [Link]: “Haplogroup L3x is defined by transitions at nps 6401, 13708, and 16169 and was found in 10 Ethiopians, with most frequent appearance (12%) among the Oromos.” https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/2c6fdc6a-b435-409d-9abb-e0cd6b54c671/Genetic+Distances+%5B1%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Here are the genetic distances between Arabians and sub-Saharan Africans - and those between other Middle Easterners and sub-Saharan Africans. They were calculated using the Vahaduo Admixture Calculator [Link] and G25 DNA Coordinates from Eurogenes [Link]. Arabians (inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula): Saudi, SaudiA, SaudiB, BedouinA, BedouinB, and Yemenites. Other Middle Easterners: Iranian, Iraqi, Jordanian, Palestinian, and Syrian. Sub-Saharan Africans: West Africans: Mende Sierra Leone, Yoruba, Esan Nigeria; Central Africans: Biaka and Mbuti; and East Africans: Ethiopian Ari and Hadza; Southern Africans: Khomani San. Note that the smallest distances between Arabians and sub-Saharan Africans are approximately half of the smallest distances between other Middle Easterners and sub-Saharan Africans, which is consistent with Arabians having more Natufian ancestry - and therefore more SSA ancestry. This is noteworthy, because Arabians have the most Natufian ancestry out of all Middle Easterners, as can be seen in the next image. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/a4fe9d30-365a-42b4-9294-ed974c6fefe4/Multi+Run+%5BLevant+Natufian+Ranking%5D+%5BHighlighted%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - A tabulation of the admixture compositions of Arabians and other Middle Eastern populations. The Vahaduo Admixture Calculator [Link] and G25 DNA Coordinates from Eurogenes [Link] were used to generate this table. Note that the Arabian populations have the highest levels of Natufian ancestry (16% to 27.8%), but the other Middle Eastern populations have lower amounts of Natufian ancestry (0% to 6.2%). This correlates with the distances between these population and sub-Saharan Africans, which are shown in the previous image; the more Natufian ancestry that a population has, the less genetic distance there is between it and sub-Saharan Africans. Furthermore, most Arabian males carry paternal haplogroups that are downstream relative to Paternal Haplogroup J (J-M304), rather than any that are downstream relative to E-M96. This relates to a hypothesis that was presented herein, which is that Natufian males consistently exchanged females with proto-Arabians and that therefore modern Arabians inherited their Natufian ancestry - which includes SSA ancestry - maternally; subsequently, modern Arabians have Natufian autosomal DNA but do not have Natufian or Natufian-derived paternal haplogroups (excluding rare exceptions). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/cf642fe0-9c21-4626-9486-151117697d14/Figure+S3.17+%5BLabeled%5D+%5BAHA+%26+ANA%5D+%5BAlt%5D+%5BGenetic+Drift+Highlighted%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - Figure S3.17 of the peer-reviewed scientific article “Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history” (Supplementary Materials) (2020) [Link]. A conclusion that has been made herein is that the Taforalt specimens were hybrids of AMHs and Aterians (who have been concluded herein to have been another subspecies of Homo sapiens). Therefore, part of the 18.46% SSA ancestry of the Taforalt specimens that is hidden in the original two-way admixture model could be Aterian ancestry rather than SSA ancestry. This could be due to some software programs categorizing any DNA that is not Eurasian as sub-Saharan African, or it could be due to Aterian DNA having introgressed into the genepools of West Africans [Link] and therefore being interpreted as SSA ancestry by software programs. Given that a portion of this 18.46% ancestry includes 6.8% Omotic ancestry, the Aterian ancestry could be the other, unspecified 11.66% SSA ancestry (18.46% - 6.8% = 11.66%). This 11.66% ancestry wouldn’t have been inherited from AHA, which means that only 43.3% of the 54% to 54.96% ancestry that the Taforalt specimens are modelled as inheriting in Figure S3.17 would have actually come from AHA. However, this does not contradict Figure s3.17, because of how it’s structured. Note that in Figure S3.17 there is a downward-pointing black arrow above the text that reads “ANA E-M35,” and besides it is the number 13 (a red circle has been drawn around them in order to highlight them). The arrow and number represent genetic drift or other events that genetically differentiate a population from a source of its ancestry; in this case, the arrow and number could represent - at least partially - Aterian DNA that introgressed into the lineage that produced ANA. Therefore, the original two-way admixture model can be re-expressed in another form: 36.5% SSA + 6.8% SSA [Omotic] + 45.04% Natufian + 11.66% Aterian = 43.3% SSA + 45.04% Natufian + 11.66% Aterian If this DNA is indeed Aterian, then modern North Africans (who descend from the Iberomaurusians) - as well as modern Arabians and other populations into which the 18.46% ancestry has introgressed - are partially Aterian. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/0a34621c-9fda-4307-9661-a2732b2ca374/Multi+Run+%5BTaforalt+Ranking%5D+%5BHighlighted%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of The Iberomaurusians - A tabulation of the admixture compositions of modern North Africans. The Vahaduo Admixture Calculator [Link] and G25 DNA Coordinates from Eurogenes [Link] were used to generate this table. As can be seen, modern North Africans have retained very large percentages of ancestry from the Iberomaurusians (an average of 22.4%), which means that there has been population continuity in North Africa for at least 15,000 years. Additionally, if the Iberomaurusians descended from the Aterians and if the Aterians descended from the Jebel-Irhoud humans, then there has been population continuity in North Africa for the past 300,000 years! This is very, very impressive and is a testament to the ancestral ties that modern North Africans have to the region. https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/wuardtzib96gf8qjoc1j4u99h38rz3 monthly 0.5 2025-09-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/6a50894a-ef9a-448c-9a76-fc5c7ef5f390/Jebel+Irhoud+%5B1%5D+%5BFramed%5D+%5B2%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Jebel Irhoud 1 (skull of a basal modern human/ basal Homo sapiens) and its reconstruction by Kennis & Kennis [Link] Pictured is Jebel Irhoud 1, the skull of an adult male basal modern human who lived approximately 300,000 years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/1b900366-9c65-4ce6-ae31-a7f0d49b0faf/Omo+I+%26+Omo+II.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Calvaria of Omo I (left) and that of Omo II (right) The second oldest Homo sapiens fossils were found in Ethiopia, which is in East Africa; they include Omo I and Omo II and have been estimated to be 233,000 years old. Apart from a few archaic traits, such as minimally pronounced brow ridges and minimal midfacial projection, they have practically all of the traits of fully modern humans; they possess our species’ characteristic globular brain case, defined chin, and vertical forehead. Therefore, they are referred to as anatomically modern humans. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/1b7e5f81-bb70-4d06-9c98-810e9d7955c3/Skhul+V+%26+Qafzeh+9+%5B2%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Skhul V and Qafzeh 9 and reconstructions of them by Kennis & Kennis [Link] The third oldest Homo sapiens fossils were found in Israel, which is just outside of Northeast Africa; they include Skhul V and Qafzeh 9, and they have been estimated to be 80,000 to 120,000 years old. They are referred to as anatomically modern humans as well. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/0678b3fc-c30a-4250-94af-8edea9a0cbe5/Herto+Man+%5B3%5D+%5BResized%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Skull of Herto Man / Homo sapiens idaltu (BOU-VP-16) Skull of Herto Man / Homo sapiens idaltu (BOU-VP-16/1) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/092b8543-868f-43b9-98df-dee1a482832c/Iberomaurusian+%5B1%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Make it stand out A Reconstruction of an Iberomaurusian man by Ancestral Whispers [Link]. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/53b74fd5-4443-4cc9-bce9-8b9630122b0b/Natufian.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Make it stand out A Reconstruction of a Natufian man by Ancestral Whispers [Link]. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/72255158-8742-4fa9-b653-35a85c7470d1/Migration+Route+Out+of+Africa+%28Alt%29+%5BCropped%5D.jpg Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Make it stand out A map highlighting the paths that Population CFD and Population E likely traveled from East Africa to their destinations. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/395e53b1-5b9a-462f-afbd-6e88a8ca18e4/8000+Year+Old+Kiffian+Skull+vs+Modern+Congoid+Skull+%5BEdited%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of Paternal Haplogroups C, F, D, & E - Make it stand out An 8000-year-old skull from the portion of Niger that is located in the Sahara desert (left) and the skull of a modern person from the Congo (right). The photo is from Tracing the “Bantu Expansion” From Its Source: Dental Nonmetric Affinities Among West African And Neighboring Populations. https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/human-ancestry-tree monthly 0.5 2025-09-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/494d89c1-754e-4e04-9e59-b4929381e6a5/Human+Ancestry+Tree+%5BDraft+of+7-28-2023%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/19f8213a-d242-49f8-9faf-67659b606208/Mixed+Lineage+%28Highlighted+Khoisan+and+Pygmies%29.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/6a6d43fb-0a18-4b5e-bbba-82894c55a420/Admixture+Time+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Excerpt From the 2nd Article According to the 2nd article, the admixing event supposedly occurred 43,000 years ago. Therefore, there has been more than enough time for the DNA to spread evenly throughout the populations of West Africa and thus result in a consistent value per individual West African. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/a9d56e25-1d7e-4441-95bc-8abbc71dc56a/Archaic+Ancestry+of+Non-Africans+%5B3%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Excerpt From An Article Pertaining to An Admixture Event of Non-Africans Consider that the modern human ancestors and the Neanderthal ancestors of non-Africans also engaged in an admixture event tens of thousands of years ago, or, to be specific, effectively 47,000 to 65,000 years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/662270df-3148-411e-ba07-817b89ecfaa6/Archaic+Ancestry+of+Non-Africans+%5B1%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Excerpt From An Article Explaining the Percentage of Archaic Ancestry In Certain Non-Africans Due to how many generations ago that admixture event occurred, modern non-Africans are between only 1% and 4% Neanderthal. The narrowness of the range and the low value of the range's upper bound are in accord with the number of generations that there has been since that admixture event. So should be the admixture of West Africans, as is concluded by the third article. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/6c315e7a-cd41-4caa-a2cd-4e4f557c8308/Jebel+Irhoud+Composite+-+Modern+Human+Comparison+%5B1%5D+%5BAlt%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - In regard to the deep modern human component that comprises 10% of West Africans' ancestry, there are human fossils that have been discovered in Jebel Irhoud - Morocco, which is in North Africa. Their estimated age matches the estimated time period that the second article says was when the deep modern human lineage of West Africans diverged, which was 200,000 to 300,000 years ago. Correspondingly, the fossils of Jebel Irhoud - Morocco are estimated to be 254,000 to 318,000 years old. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/ed16584e-a1df-4744-94c3-c31198dfc794/Jebel+Irhoud+Comparison.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/a07919ef-327f-4783-89e3-02f8812661b3/Human+Population+Split+%5B1%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/395e53b1-5b9a-462f-afbd-6e88a8ca18e4/8000+Year+Old+Kiffian+Skull+vs+Modern+Congoid+Skull+%5BEdited%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/e4bcb90a-db0e-4cdb-b334-6d59cfd19e3b/Human+Population+Split+%5B3%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/cdafec2f-edd3-4020-b369-057f6009beb1/Aterian+Composite+%5B1%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Aterian human fossil Dar Es Sultane II H5 and a reconstruction of Dar Es Sultane II H5 by Ancestral Whispers [Link]. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/6fd644a3-80d0-4075-8fe9-28eb972986a1/Aterian+Stone+Tool+Sites+%5BCropped%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Map Highlighting Archeological Sites of the Aterian Stone Tool Culture [Link] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/62bb2ed6d6a8af48ed8c972b/c9b655f9-6093-490b-aea9-c3abd55fc209/Aterian+Skull+%26+Jebel+Irhoud-1+%5BCropped%5D.png Blogs - The Origin of West Africans - Make it stand out Dar-Es Sultane II H5 (left) and Jebel Irhoud 1 (right). https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Superheroes monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Modern+Human monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Anthropology monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Fossil monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Human+Evolution monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/North+Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Science-Fiction monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Comic+Books monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Science+Fiction monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Comic-book+movies monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Omo+Valley monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Archaic+Human monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Jebel+Irhoud monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Human+Anthropology monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Morocco monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Fantasy monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Evolution monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Movies monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Ethiopia monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/category/Sahara monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/A00 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/A0-T monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/B-M60 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/History monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Mitochondria monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Koisan monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Pre-History monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Morocco monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/anatomically+modern monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/f3+statistics monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Human monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/basal+modern+human monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Tamar+Hat monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/FST monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Igbo monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Homo+sapiens monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/f4+stats monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Jebel+Irhoud monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Salem+et+al+%282025%29 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Aterian monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/East+Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Americas monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Homo+erectus monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E-M96 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Eurasia monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Takarkori monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E-P2 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Libya monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Homo+heidelbergensis monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Khoisan monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E-V38 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/BT monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Pastoralists monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Evolution monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Ancient+North+Africans monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/CF monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/qpAdm monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Gambian monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Y-Chromosomal monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/D0 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Horn+of+Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/CT monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Taforalt monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Mandenka monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Eurasian monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Sahara monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/DE monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Lemande monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Bakoko monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Salem+et+al monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Genetics monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Humanity monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Indigenous+American monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Neandertals monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Homo+ergaster monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Maternal monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Archaic monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Haplogroups monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E-M215 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Natufian monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/f-statistics monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/ANA monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/basal+Homo+sapiens monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E1b1 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Ethiopia monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Vahaduo monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/African+American monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Bodoensis monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E1b1a monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/E1b1b monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Mitochondrial monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/mtDNA monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/f4+statistics monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Anthropology monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Yoruba monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/North+Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/G25 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Ancestral+North+Africans monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Oceania monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Basal monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Oceanian monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/sub-Saharan+Africa monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Neandertalensis monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/haplogroup monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/C-M130 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Mende monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Neanderthalensis monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/D-CTS3946 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/yDNA monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Y-Chromosome monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Fossils monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/African monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/sub-Saharan+African monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Iberomaurusian monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Tikar monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/f3+stats monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Niger-Congo monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/F-M89 monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Paternal monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blogs/tag/Neanderthals monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog daily 0.75 2023-08-22 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/category/Recipe monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/category/Wellness monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Beauty monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Breakfast monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Autumn monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Winter monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Dinner monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Summer monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Skin monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Drink monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/blog/tag/Spring monthly 0.5 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/about-the-author daily 0.75 2025-09-02 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/meal-plans daily 0.75 2025-09-16 https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/meal-plans/immune-boosting-srjpd monthly 0.5 2022-06-08 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908406-MIRGO4OUZYTYAEXA110X/image-asset.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908411-GQDK36QJSVFEL7V3TED0/image-asset.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908415-DAMRRRELMW7LTPO86CRW/image-asset.jpeg https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/meal-plans/anti-inflammatory-wwc7z monthly 0.5 2022-06-08 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908436-EPKX0NILXNKMWVLWFF9B/image-asset.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908440-CH1N2CXC7AAVYTWNAX2V/image-asset.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908446-VBAGPBIIOFEBRKLI33OY/image-asset.jpeg https://www.origin-of-the-species.blog/meal-plans/gut-health-dpcw9 monthly 0.5 2022-06-08 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908348-O2F79ZU417SDWXA5P97A/image-asset.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908352-FP78ZT2CD690R0PSTLWX/image-asset.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503ace400d19b18a9fa8/1649102908357-D9XZZCQXSPXSINI8NUY6/image-asset.jpeg